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File:Crookes x-ray tube diagram.png

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Crookes_x-ray_tube_diagram.png (499 × 271 pixels, file size: 29 KB, MIME type: image/png)

Captions

Captions

Diagram of a Crookes x-ray tube

Summary

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Description
English: A diagram of an early Crookes x-ray tube. This was the first type of x-ray tube, used until the 1920s when the current Coolidge x-ray tube replaced it. A high voltage from an induction coil applied between the target (anode) and cathode ionized residual air in the tube, generating ions which collide with the cathode, creating cathode rays (electrons). The electrons are repelled into a beam which is focused on a tiny spot on the target, emitting x-rays which pass out the side of the glass bulb.

The smaller bulb (8) at top is a "softener". With time the residual gas in the tube is absorbed by the walls and the tube stops working. When this happens the voltage rises and sparks jump between the cathode cap (4) and the spark electrode (9). The current evaporates a chemical in the softener bulb which raises the pressure of gas in the tube, rejuvenating it so it resumes emitting x-rays. The labeled parts:

  1. Cathode - emits the electrons which strike the target, curved to focus the electron beam
  2. Target
  3. Anticathode. Either or both of these can be connected to the supply as the anode
  4. Cathode cap
  5. Target cap
  6. Anticathode cap
  7. X-ray bulb
  8. Movable spark electrode
  9. Pocket containing softening or pressure-regulating agent
  10. Glass support for cathode
  11. Glass support for target
  12. Target shell
  13. Base metal backing of target
  14. Platinum surface of target
  15. Wire connecting target and anticathode to make both the anode
  16. Pumping tip
  17. Beam of electrons focused on the target
  18. Focus spot
Date
Source Retrieved 22 September 2024 from Martin, James Madison (1912) Practical Electro-Therapeutics and X-ray Therapy, St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Co., p.100, fig.61
Author James Madison Martin

Licensing

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Public domain
This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published (or registered with the U.S. Copyright Office) before January 1, 1930.
Public domain works must be out of copyright in both the United States and in the source country of the work in order to be hosted on the Commons. If the work is not a U.S. work, the file must have an additional copyright tag indicating the copyright status in the source country.
Note: This tag should not be used for sound recordings.PD-1923Public domain in the United States//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crookes_x-ray_tube_diagram.png

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current04:56, 23 September 2024Thumbnail for version as of 04:56, 23 September 2024499 × 271 (29 KB)Chetvorno (talk | contribs)Uploaded a work by James Madison Martin from Retrieved 22 September 2024 from [https://archive.org/details/practicalelectro00mart/page/100/mode/2up Martin, James Madison (1912) ''Practical Electro-Therapeutics and X-ray Therapy'', St. Louis: C. V. Mosby Co., p.100, fig.61] with UploadWizard

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